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Much of downtown Brooklyn, which for my purposes includes Brooklyn Heights, Cobble Hill, Vinegar Hill, Red Hook and part of Fort Greene, no longer exists. It used to be home to a collection of streets wide and narrow, full of tenements, stores, and cobblestones, many overshadowed by dark forbidding elevated structures where trains rattled on their way to and across the Brooklyn Bridge (yes--the Brooklyn Bridge: els used to traverse it).

Many of these streets are now gone, many of them eliminated because of Robert Moses' Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, many more removed for parkland and urban renewal and yet more for government buildings. Few remember these streets by now.

Prior to 1950, Fulton Street snaked southeast from the old Fulton Ferry landing (a ferry joined Manhattan's and Brooklyn's Fulton Streets until 1924) and wound through a Brooklyn Heights much different from today's. In fact, the change that came to Fulton Street is emblematic of the changes that were made to this part of Brooklyn between 1950 to 1960. An entire neighborhood was wiped out and made unrecognizable. In this scan of an 1827 map of Brooklyn (this pretty much was all of Brooklyn at that time) Fulton Street, center, snakes southeast, southwest and then southeast again.

As a look at any picture book of old Brooklyn indicates (such as Dover's Old Brooklyn In Early Photographs 1845-1929), Fulton Street in this era was the dominant street of the borough, and featured such edifices as the Mechanics Municipal Hall, the Arbuckle Building (formerly Dieter's Hotel, where turtle soup was the renowned delicacy), the Park Theater, and the Kings County Elevated Railroad (later a part of the BMT), which covered Fulton Street from the ferry landing all the way to East New York from 1887 to the early 1940s. Brooklyn Borough Hall (formerly Brooklyn City Hall until consolidation with New York City in 1898), Gage and Tollner's Restaurant at Fulton and Smith Streets, and the Dime Savings Bank at Fulton and DeKalb Avenues, are reminders of the pre-1950 days.

Department stores like A&S, Loesers and Namms, and theatres like the Brooklyn Paramount, the Loew's Metropolitan, the Fox, The Orpheum and the Albee (which I remember for its white type on black marquee) are gone too...though some of the old Paramount, including its giant 1928 Wurlitzer pipe organ, have been preserved at the Long Island University's basketball court.

Even now, a stroll along the garish Fulton Mall (from Adams Street east to Flatbush Avenue) and a skyward glance reveals ancient flourishes and even patches of old advertising that go back to the early days of the 20th Century and even earlier.

Downtown Brooklyn's aspect utterly changed, and Fulton Street lost much of its old personality, when entire blocks just east of it were razed between 1950 and 1960 to make way for Samuel Parkes Cadman Plaza, which served to add a lot of green to downtown Brooklyn, which was needed. (The el had already come down in the early 1940s). Samuel Parkes Cadman (1864-1936) was a Methodist minister and leader of the Central Congregational Church in Brooklyn from 1901 till his death. It was Rev. Cadman who called the then-new Woolworth Building in Manhattan the "Cathedral of Commerce." The plaza provides views of the Manhattan Bridge from the steps of Borough Hall and allows the beautiful US Post Office Building on Tillary Street to be seen much better than it had been before the blocks were cleared out. Perhaps inspired by Cadman Plaza, Boston scuttled its old seedy Scollay Square in favor of the rather sterile Government Center in the early 1960s. The construction of Cadman Plaza caused Fulton Street to be renamed as Cadman Plaza West from the ferry landing to Court and Montague Streets. Washington Street, on the eastern end, was renamed Cadman Plaza East.

Renaming Fulton Street as Cadman Plaza West from the old ferry landing (seen at right) southeast to the Brooklyn-Queens expressway made no sense whatsoever, because Cadman Plaza extends from Borough Hall only as far north as the BQE. NYC recognized this anomaly in the late 1970s and re-renamed that section of Fulton Street as Old Fulton Street.

Fulton Ferry landing

Fulton Street, however, is just one of dozens of streets of Downtown Brooklyn that have disappeared, as we shall see...

BROOKLYN HEIGHTS
Brooklyn Heights was Manhattan's first suburb. A ferry was first established from the end of what is now Fulton Street in 1814. Fulton Street, at that time, was the main road that connected Brooklyn to the rest of Long Island: it ultimately connected with what is now Jamaica Avenue and remained a toll road until well into the 19th Century. Maps first appeared that subdivided holdings of landowners named Pierrepont, Joralemon, Middagh, and streets named for them are still there today.

Brooklyn Heights' street layout remains much as it was when it was first surveyed, although there are a few exceptions...

When Atlantic Avenue was first mapped in the early 1820s, it was known as District Street and ran along the southern boundary of the village. By at least 1845, though, the street was known as Atlantic Avenue. The 1847 Williams map shown above is the only map I've seen that shows the long-abandoned Long Island Rail Road tunnel that was in service between 1842 to 1859 between Court Street and the waterfront under Atlantic Avenue. Although no less a Brooklyn chronicler than Walt Whitman mentions the tunnel in several articles, after the tunnel was closed in 1859 it remained largely forgotten for many decades until railroad and trolley historian Robert Diamond discovered a passageway to it. The railroad ended at the East River waterfront. There was a frame depot built at the terminal in 1836; it was torn down in 1914. The railroad, originally at grade, was placed in the tunnel in 1842 as Atlantic Avenue became a prominent shopping street. Today it is lined with antique shops and Middle Eastern restaurants. Over the years Atlantic Avenue was expanded eastward, with the LIRR operating first at grade, then elevated and placed in a tunnel along its length. Atlantic Avenue now extends to the Van Wyck Expressway in Jamaica, where it becomes 94th Avenue.

District Street, which ran along the southern edge of Brooklyn Village, from the waterfront east to Red Hook Lane, is now called Atlantic Avenue.

Other lost streets in Brooklyn Heights...

STREET	LOCATION	WHAT'S THERE NOW?
	from Clinton Street west to the East River, a block south of Pierrepont Street	Montague Street. Originally named for the family of local landowner Hezekiah Pierrepont's wife, the name was changed to Montague in honor of Lady Mary Montague, a British author and member of the Pierrepont family. The name change occurred by at least 1850. Montague Street used to descend to the East River via a picturesque stone arch. The arch, and the nearby Penny Bridge which connected Montague Terrace and Pierrepont Place over the descending Montague Street, were demolished in 1946 to make way for the BQE.
	between Fulton Street and Court (Moser) Street, south of Pierrepont Street	Montague Street. Constable Street to the west, and Evelyn Street, to the east, were joined about 1850, and at that time the new combined street was renamed Montague Street. Today Montague Street is the main shopping street in Brooklyn Heights.
	from Pierrepont Street at about Fulton Street southwest beyond Atlantic Avenue	Court Street. Moser Street was originally named for Joseph Moser, a prominent political figure in Brooklyn Village in the 1820s. While it doesn't follow Moser Street's exact path, Court Street, likely renamed in recognition of local law offices near Brooklyn's then-City Hall, had appeared by the 1840s and absorbed Moser Street's path.
	from Joralemon Street west of Clinton Street southwest to State Street	Sidney Place. Probably named in honor of James Monroe, 5th President of the USA, but the name was changed in the 1830s to commemorate Sir Philip Sidney, the 16th-Century British statesman/author. While Brooklyn Heights lost one Monroe, it gained another, as a Monroe Place would soon appear a few blocks to the north, after Monroe Street's name was changed.
	from Atlantic Avenue south to Amity Street between Hicks and Columbia Streets Original BQE sign (since torn down) at site near where Emmett Street used to be	The Brooklyn-Queens Expressway. In the early 1950s Brooklyn Heights was embroiled in controversy as Robert Moses wanted to bisect the community with the proposed 6-lane BQE. Community opposition forced him to run the BQE along the waterfront, creating the Promenade (known on maps as the Esplanade) providing beautiful views of lower Manhattan. The curve in the BQE towards the waterfront eliminated Emmett Street, plus the section of Columbia Place between Atlantic Avenue and State Street.
	Both West Jackson and Waring Street appear on 1820s-era maps between Clinton and Hicks Streets north of Pierrepont Street.	It's possible that these streets were there on maps only. Certainly by the 1840s, Love Lane had appeared in this site; Love Lane had been an Indian trail leading to the East River.
	Shown on maps from the mid-1820s, Buckbees Alley ran between Fulton Street at (former) Market Street and Poplar Street.	The Brooklyn Children's Aid Society Orphanage was constructed on the site in 1883. It survives as apartments. "Built as a hone for indigent newsboys"--AIA Guide

COBBLE HILL/RED HOOK
Although they are neighboring neighborhoods, no two 'hoods could possibly be more different from one another than these two. Gentrified and genteel Cobble Hill contains row after row of well-kept brownstones, mom and pop shops on Court and Smith Streets, and a small-town feel, while just across the BQE, Red Hook is gritty and urban, with projects and factories. Both neighborhoods have awesome views of Manhattan that, astonishingly, are exploited very sparingly.

The street patterns of these neighborhoods are pretty much as they were when first settled in the early 1800s. There have been a few surprising street name changes. The most change to occur in the pattern came between 1950 and 1954 when the Brooklyn Queens expressway was rammed through.

STREET	LOCATION	WHAT'S THERE NOW?
	from Court Street between Butler and Baltic Streets west to the waterfront Old concrete sign at Cheever Place still says Harrison Street	Kane Street. The name change occurred sometime after 1916.
	from Rapelye Street west of Henry Street southwest to Coles Street. 1920s view of the doomed Manhasset Place.	The Brooklyn-Queens Expressway. Surprisingly, along with Emmett Street (see above), Manhasset Place was the only street eliminated when then BQE was constructed here in the late 40s and early 50s. Earlier, the Brooklyn- Battery Tunnel had also been constructed here. Rapelye and Coles Streets were also dramatically curtailed by all the new routes. Why a short Brooklyn thoroughfare should have the same name as a North Shore Long Island town (now a tony enclave featuring the Miracle Mile) should remain a mystery since Manhasset Place is long gone. Manhasset was also the name of a Native American tribe inhabiting Shelter Island between the Long Island forks.
	between Hicks and Henry Streets on President Street.	The Brooklyn-Queens Expressway.
	from Smith and 9th Streets west to Columbia Street	West 9th Street. The name change had been made by 1898. The question is why? Although Brooklyn already had a Church Avenue and a Church Lane, it didn't have a Church Street. At the same time, there already was a West 9th Street in Brooklyn, in Gravesend. Likely, the change was made before Gravesend became a part of Brooklyn. Smith and 9th Street is the site of Brooklyn's highest subway station, serving the IND Crosstown and 6th Avenue lines (F, G)
	Dwight Street northwest to Van Brunt Street south of Verona Street	Visitation Place. One half of Tremont Street was lost when the 12th Ward Park was expanded and renamed Red Hook Park, and the street was renamed for the Visitation of Our Lady R.C. Church.
	from Otsego and Bay Streets northwest to Buttermilk Channel A lone remnant of Partition Street can still be found in this concrete sign on a building on the NW corner of Coffey and Conover Streets. Photo: Jeff Saltzman	Coffey Street. The change was made prior to 1898. Fulton Street in Manhattan was also called Partition Street until the 1820s.
	from Richards Street (originally from Dwight Street) northwest to Conover Street and Commercial Wharf	Pioneer Street. The change was made prior to 1898.
	from Otsego and Halleck Streets northwest to Conover Street.	Beard Street. The change was made prior to 1898.

In addition, large chunks of Mill Street, Centre Street and Bush Street were eliminated by the forbidding Red Hook Housing project in the 1930s.

"DOWNTOWN" BROOKLYN, FULTON FERRY, 'DUMBO'
These three areas, on the present-day map pf Brooklyn, encompass all the territory north and east of Old Fulton Street/Cadman Plaza West, to the Brooklyn Navy Yard on the east and Fulton Mall on the south. This part of Brooklyn has seen the most change since the 1930s as urban renewal, hotels, a new business district, and housing projects have swept away tenements, shanties, and the small businesses that had sprung up there since the Fulton Ferry began plying the East River in the 1810s. Here and there, though, hints of the past still hang on: a clutch of brownstones at Concord and Duffield Streets, and more brownstones and the ghost of a business center on Hudson Avenue in Vinegar Hill. Much of this area has become dark and forbidding, especially around the projects, but there are hints of a revival as DUMBO ("Down Under the Manhattan Bridge Overpass") is beginning to repopulate and plans are drawn up for a grand riverside park.

This 1853 painting, Winter Scene in Brooklyn, by Louisa Ann Coleman, depicts Brooklyn, just east of Fulton Ferry, as it was in the mid-1820s. Front Street, then a fashionable street lined with upper-class residences, is in the foreground. We are looking south with Main Street on the left and Fulton Street on the right. Until the mid-1800s Front Street was indeed the waterfront, before landfill extended Brooklyn into the East River a couple of blocks. Picture from the Museum of the City of New York.

This map of the area is a circa-1935 Geographia, and shows the street layout just before many of the streets were demapped and mass demolitions for housing projects began. The Brooklyn Bridge, which still boasted trolley and elevated train service, is at left (Sands Street/Gunnison Plaza was a major transfer/terminal) while the Manhattan Bridge angles diagonally from the center. The new IND runs under Jay Street (center) and High Street. With the Fulton St and Myrtle Avenue Els, trolleys, buses, and three separate subway companies (the IND, BMT and IRT), the late 1930s were the golden age and heyday of Brooklyn mass transit. At far left, what would become Cadman Plaza is represented on the map. West Parkway was proposed and was never built, but Fulton Street would be widened and become Cadman Plaza West.

Many small streets were truncated or destroyed by the Brooklyn Bridge and, much later, the BQE:

STREET	LOCATION	WHAT'S THERE NOW?
The present corner of Cadman Plaza East and Red Cross Place is actually the OLD corner of Washington and High Streets.	From Fulton Street near Cranberry Street east to Navy Street. It's probable that High Street, which shows up on 1820s maps, marked an area of high ground; whatever hill was there has since been leveled. Red Cross Place, a cut-off piece of High Street.	High Street used to run for eight blocks, but has been repeatedly truncated, first by the new Manhattan Bridge approach in 1909, and then by the 1930s Farragut Housing project and then by the new Cadman Plaza in the late 1950s. Today, two pieces exist: a short block between Pearl and Jay Streets in the Manhattan Bridge shadow, and the renamed Red Cross Place between Cadman Plaza East (old Washington Street) and Adams Street, itself rebuilt as a multi-lane Brooklyn Bridge approach. The High Street IND stop on the IND 8th Avenue Line (A) is actually on Cadman Plaza East and is a reminder that High Street used to extend this far, but no more.
	Poplar Street west of Hicks Street NE to Fulton Street	Most of McKenny Street was swallowed by the new Brooklyn-Queens Expressway when it was built between 1946 and 1953. However, a small piece of it is still detectable at Doughty Street near Old Fulton Street.
	From Main Street, just north of Fulton, northwest, parallel to Fulton, to Front and Dock Streets 1827 Hooker's New Pocket Plan showing street configuration before construction of the Brooklyn Bridge	The Brooklyn Bridge. James Street was among a number of small streets that were obliterated when the Brooklyn Bridge construction started in 1870. The Bridge opened in 1883.
	from Fulton Street opposite Duckbees Alley northeast to James Street	Destroyed by Brooklyn Bridge construction in the 1870s
	Garrison Street was a one block alley extending from York Street north to Front Street; Mercein Street was an even smaller alley that went from Garrison west to James Street (see map above) Andrew Mercein, the son of immigrants from Switzerland, was a political leader in Brooklyn Village in the 1810s and one of the founders of the Brooklyn Institute. John Garrison, originally a butcher by trade, later a judge, was the first president of Brooklyn Village.	Though both these tiny streets survived the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge, they couldn't make it through the onslaught of the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, and didn't make it far into the 1950s.
	Plymouth Street between Jay St. and Bridge Street south to Water Street	Commercial buildings
	Originally, Stewarts Alley ran from Prospect Street just east of Main Street north to Front Street (cf. map above). By 1916, directories were listing it as Flint Street.	Spared by Brooklyn Bridge and BQE construction, but warehousing and parking lots are now where Stewarts Alley/Flint Street used to run. Just as well, since Brooklyn has two Stewart Avenues and a Stuart Street today.
	from High Street near the Brooklyn Bridge entrance plaza south to Fulton Street at Tillary Street	Today, Liberty Street is covered by Parkes Cadman Plaza.
	Named for one of the first two doctors of Brooklyn Village in the early 19th Century, Dr. John Joel Barbarin, this street stretched between the waterfront on the north and Myrtle Avenue on the south, midway between Jay and Bridge Streets. The other doctor, John Duffield, also had a street named for him that still survives.	Barbarin Street was gone from Brooklyn maps by the end of the 1800s. No trace of it exists today as its space has been filled by warehouses and commercial buildings. Poly Tech, the St. James Cathedral, and the BQE and Manhattan Bridge approaches also cover Barbarin Street's old path.
	Stanton Street ran parallel to Barbarin Street, from the waterfront south to near Fulton between Bridge and Gold Streets, in the early 1800s.	By the middle of the 19th Century, the northern part of Stanton Street above Sands Street had been renamed Charles Street. The southern part south of Nassau Street survives today as Duffield Street.
	Charles Street was the northern part of Stanton Street, laid out in the early 1800s. By the late 1930s Charles Street had been truncated to a short stretch between Sands Street on the south and York Street on the north, east of Bridge Street (see map above)	The massive housing project, the Farragut Houses, now occupies Charles Street's old path.
photos from the Museum of the City of New York	Talman Street was a narrow lane which ran between Jay Street east to Charles Street, just north of Prospect Street (see above map) As it turns out, we have a visual record of what Talman Street looked like, thanks to Berenice Abbott's photos from Changing New York in the late 1930s. These flimsy-looking dwellings were typical of the neighborhood then. Very few of these type homes remain in this neighborhood today.	Today the BQE and Farragut Houses occupy all of Talman Street's old path. Except.... This small piece of Talman Street, on Bridge Street, has been converted to a parking lot entrance.
	Harts Alley, later named Mack Place, was a short alley between Bridge and Gold Streets just north of Nassau Street.	Sacrificed in the 1940s for construction of the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway.
	Gothic Alley was a tiny thoroughfare that went between Adams and Pearl Streets just south of Nassau Street. Its western end was in the shadow of the elevated train that went along Adams at the time.	New York City Technical College. Pearl and Nassau streets no longer border here anymore either.
Nutria (Myocastor coypus)	Strangely-named Nutria Alley also ran between Adams and Pearl Streets just south of Concord Street. A nutria is a fur-bearing, beaverlike critter native to South America, otherwise known as the coypu. Commerce in the early says of New York City relied heavily on the fur trade, and this street name may bear this out.	See above listing for Gothic Alley.
	The piquantly-named Way-Home was a short alley on Gold Street between Nassau and Concord Streets.	The Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, though Way-Home had gone away by the mid-1930s at least.
	Cornells Alley went from Gold Street east to the now-eliminated Green Lane south of York Street.	The Farragut Houses
	Force's Place, Mumby's Alley, Smith's Alley and Snell's Alley were a network of tiny alleys between Nassau and High Streets.	Their site is currently occupied by the Farragut Houses.
	225 Fulton Street east to Liberty Street	Buried under S. Parkes Cadman Plaza

Two views of Hudson Avenue. The Con Ed smokestacks loom in the background of this 19th century throwback neighborhood.

VINEGAR HILL is the only neighborhood in northwest Brooklyn that in any way resembles the way it looked in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Some of its brownstones and 'cobblestoned' (actually Belgian-blocked) streets survive, though Vinegar Hill is now in the shadow of a massive Con Edison plant that is as carefully protected and guarded as the gold in Fort Knox. Guards don't allow photographs even from beyond the fence!

Map of Vinegar Hill about 1935

Lost streets of Vinegar Hill and south:

STREET	LOCATION	WHAT'S THERE NOW?
	From the waterfront south to Fulton Street at Flatbush Avenue. Today it is the 'main drag' of Vinegar Hill, but it formerly ran all the way south to Fulton Street and in fact, an elevated train (Brooklyn's 5th Avenue El) ran along it between Myrtle Avenue and Flatbush. That part of Hudson Avenue has long disappeared along with the el. There is still a 3-block stretch of Hudson Avenue in Vinegar Hill, and a short one-block stretch of it between Fulton Street and DeKalb Avenue at its southern limit. As well as... A small piece of Hudson Avenue's old right of way has been preserved as an entrance to parking lots of the University Towers at Willoughby Street.	Between York Street on the north and DeKalb Avenue on the south, Hudson Avenue was eaten away by the Farragut Houses, the Broklyn-Queens Expressway, the Raymond Ingersoll Houses, the University Towers, and Long Island University.
	Green Lane was between Front Street on the north and Prospect Street on the south, just east of Gold Street (see above map)	The Farragut Houses
	Prague Court, not to be confused with Sprague's Alley (see above) was an alley on Front Street between Green Lane and Hudson Avenue.	Gone by the 1940s; local warehousing is there now
	U.S. (United States) Street is a dead-end on 17 Little Street north of Plymouth Street.	It's still there. But only Con Edison employees can visit it. Con Ed took over the site in the mid-1960s and guards it with extreme prejudice.
	From York Street at Hudson Avenue and Navy Street south to Sands Street	Farragut Houses
	Ran diagonally between Sands Street and Hudson Avenue southeast to Navy Street	Farragut Houses
	As you might expect it ran from Nassau Street south to Concord Street, just west of Navy Street	Farragut Houses
	Dead end alley on Prince Street north of Tillary Street	BQE on-ramps
	255 Jay Street east to Lawrence Street	Poly Tech University
	at the north end of Lawrence Street near Tillary Street.	a public park just south of the St. James Cathedral.

Fort Greene Park

FORT GREENE, roughly speaking, the area from about the Flatbush Avenue extension east to Washington Avenue and from the Brooklyn Navy Yard south to Atlantic Avenue, has also had its share of street eliminations, many due to routings of the Brooklyn- Queens Expressway and of housing projects over the years. Recent years have seen the construction of the massive MetroTech project have caused even more street closings.

STREET	LOCATION	WHAT'S THERE NOW?
	From Fulton Street at Montague Street east about ten miles to Jamaica Avenue at Lefferts Boulevard "Myrtle Mall" in MetroTech Center	Most of it is still there---in fact, all of it from Flatbush Avenue east. However, Myrtle Avenue has been made to suffer indignities over the years. First, a section west of Jay Street was removed for Parkes Cadman Plaza in the mid-50s. Then, its el was taken down--it last ran in October 1969. Finally, in the mid-80s a section of Myrtle Avenue was converted into a pedestrian mall in MetroTech Center--see map.
	from 10 Myrtle Avenue north to Johnson Street, east of Washington Street. (Johnson Street is also known now as Tech Place for most of its route)	The New York State Supreme Court Building. It arrived in the 1950s along with Parkes Cadman Plaza when portions of Myrtle Avenue, Pearl Street and Washington Street were demapped and built over.
	Union Lane was a dead end alley on Myrtle Avenue between Adams and Pearl Streets.	Renaissance Plaza, constructed between Adams and Jay Streets in the 1980s and featuring the New York Marriott of Brooklyn, the first hotel constructed in Brooklyn in decades, occupies the area where Union Lane used to be.
	Bolivar Street stretched between Hudson Avenue north of Willoughby Street east to St. Edward Street at Fort Greene Park. Named, of course, for the George Washington of South America.	The University Towers housing project
	Not to be confused with the much longer Lafayette Avenue a few blocks south, Lafayette Street was a short street between 40 Fleet Street and Ashland Place just south of Willoughby Street.	Long Island University. LIU first occupied the old Paramount Theater, built in 1928, in 1950. Additions to the expanding campus absorbed surrounding streets. Notably, the old Paramount, complete with a gigantic pipe organ, has been preserved as LIU's basketball court.
	Debevoise is an old Brooklyn name: this was one of three streets named for the old landowning family. Now we're down to two. Debevoise Place went from DeKalb Avenue at Flatbush Avenue (in front of the old Paramount) north to Willoughby and Fleet Streets.	It's still there, sort of. It was renamed University Plaza and then converted into a pedestrian mall leading from Willoughby Street to LIU (below)
	Known originally as Division Place, Leo Place stretched perpendicularly between Myrtle Avenue and the junction of Johnson and St. Edwards Streets.	The Raymond Ingersoll Houses.
	Between Ashland Place and St. Edwards Street north of Johnson Street.	Ingersoll Houses
	Park Avenue east of Navy Street south to Flatbush Avenue. The Raymond Street Jail stood on Raymond Street/Ashland Place and Myrtle Avenue between 1880 and 1964.	Raymond Street was renamed Ashland Place in the mid-1930s.
	from Flatbush Avenue and Lafayette Avenue southwest to Park Slope	Powers Street was renamed Third Avenue after it was extended to Bay Ridge around the turn of the century. Building from the 1880s at 3rd Avenue and State Street still bears a Powers Street sign. It was likely renamed when Brooklyn absorbed the city of Williamsburgh, which came complete with a Powers Street of its own.
	from Flushing Avenue south to Willoughby Street.	I am unsure when, but Canton Street was renamed St. Edward Street in the early 20th Century. It may have been renamed for the nearby Church of St. Michael and St. Edward.

Sources:

New York: A Guide to the Metropolis, Gerard R. Wolfe, 1993 McGraw-Hill
BUY this book at Amazon.COM

New York City at a Glance, 1916 Wehman Bros.

Complete Street Guide to Brooklyn, Alexander Gross, F.R.G.S., 1938 Geographia

Brooklyn Village 1816-1834, Ralph Foster Weld, Columbia University Press 1938
(out of print)

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